RETROPHARYNGEAL NODES DISSECTION IN CARCINOMA OF THE HYPOPHARYNX

Analysis of risk factors for retropharyngeal lymph node metastasis in carcinoma of the hypopharynx.

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of retropharyngeal lymph node (RPLN) metastasis and to explore the associated risk factors using CT and MRI, to direct clinical radiotherapy in hypopharyngeal carcinoma (HPC). METHODS The CT and MRI images of 218 patients with pathologically confirmed HPC were analyzed retrospectively. The chi-square test and logistic regre...

Indication of elective contralateral neck dissection in squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx.

UNLABELLED Lymph node metastases (LNM) are common in hypophariyngeal carcinomas; the neck dissection is an important therapeutic approach. AIM to analyze the incidence and distribution of LNM and failures in treating the contralateral neck. METHODS a retrospective study of 174 patients with hypopharyngeal cancer treated from 1978 to 2003. The distribution of LNM and regional recurrences wer...

Indication of elective contralateral neck dissection in squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx Summary

Transoral robotic retropharyngeal node dissection.

BACKGROUND Surgical access to metastases in the retropharyngeal lymph nodes (RPLNs) could be difficult. Transoral robotic surgery (TORS) can be utilized to access RPLNs. The purpose of this study was to describe a TORS approach to RPLN dissection. METHODS A case series of patients undergoing RPLN dissection by TORS was conducted and compared to matched controls (1:2). RESULTS Twelve patient...

the effect of the record infancy in crimilly acts of guilties (in karaj city)

چکیده یکی از مهمترین دغدغه های بزرگ جوامع بشری، از دیر باز تا کنون که ذهن پژوهشگران و متخصصان بهداشت روانی و اجتماعی و دولتها رابه خود مشغول داشته، مسأله ی بزهکاری می باشد. شناخت کامل پدیده ی بزهکاری و بزهکار، علل وعوامل سقوط یک انسان، چگونگی درمان وی و درنهایت پیشگیری ازبزهکاری ودریک کلام سالم سازی یک جامعه، رسالت عظیم، انسانی ومقدسی می باشد که با بررسی شخصیت مجرم یعنی[ انسانی که تحت شرای...